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Excavation

  • Cancelli
  • La Corte
  •  
  • Italy
  • Umbria
  • Province of Perugia
  • Foligno

Tools

Credits

  • The Italian Database is the result of a collaboration between:

    MIBAC (Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali - Direzione Generale per i Beni Archeologici),

    ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) and

    AIAC (Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica).

  • AIAC_logo logo

Summary (English)

  • Excavations in the cemetery of Cencelli uncovered several rooms belonging to a sanctuary, the precise position of whose temple remains uncertain. It was possible to define the construction sequence but not their function. The earliest monumental phase (Republican period) was attested by dry-stone walls on a north-west/south-east alignment, built directly on the bedrock near a dolium set into the ground. The latter contained quicklime that was still live at the time of its discovery. A single structure, adjacent to the first walls and also demolished during the transformation of the site at the end of the 1st century B.C., attests alterations to the sanctuary that involved the rotation of the constructions on a north-south/east-west axis. The later structures were built on this alignment. Dating to the 2nd century A.D., they were heavily damaged by modern burials and formed three rooms (only partially excavated). Two of these rooms, with opus signinum floors, showed evidence of later alterations, such as the blocking and substitution of two openings with a drain, which also went out of use and was subsequently replaced by a drain with opus reticulatum_ inserts. Quicklime was widely used on the site to seal the large areas in which the earliest structures, that had been systematically razed, were present (east sector).

    Here, two layers of charcoal-rich soil were uncovered below a deposit of sand and one of quicklime. They contained material datable to between the 6th and early 1st centuries B.C., interpreted as interventions occurring after the votive deposits, concluded with a ritual closure, relating to the construction of the first sanctuary had been disturbed. In fact, the new deposition of the objects was sanctioned by an expiatory gesture for having disturbed the established order of things. The piaculum , physically represented by a pit created on top of the razed structures, containing bones and pottery, covered by tiles. The ritual seems to have been a libation made with a black glaze cup that was then placed on top of the tiles. The discovery of the quicklime in the dolium seems to suggest that it was already used in rituals during the sanctuary’s earliest phases. An antefix depicting a female head surrounded by acanthus leaves (late 3rd- 2nd century B.C.) was part of the temple (whose structures were not found) decoration, while an antefix with a head between felines can be attributed to the renewal of the architectural decorations in the Julio-Claudian period.
    Among the other finds were vessels for cooking and eating food, linked to the celebration of rituals and banquets and, more numerous, artefacts produced for the cult (small bronzes) or offered after being rendered unusable, for example perforated plates or lamps without the nozzle. The earliest materials, from the Umbran phase (6th-5th century B.C.), were local products (impasto and well-levigated wares) and Etruscan imports (bucchero). The sanctuary’s continuity of use is documented by Faliscan pottery and black glaze ware, attesting the transition to Rome’s control.

  • Maria Romana Picuti - Scuola di Specializzazione per i Beni architettonici e del Paesaggio, Università La Sapienza, Roma. 
  • Matelda Albanesi - Scuola di Specializzazione per i Beni architettonici e del Paesaggio, Università La Sapienza, Roma. 
  • M. Laura Manca - Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dell'Umbria  

Director

Team

Research Body

  • Soprintendenza Archeologia dell’Umbria

Funding Body

  • Liceo F. Frezzi - Beata Angela di Foligno

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